Exercise 8.4: Using a ResourceQuota to Limit PVC Count and Usage

  1. CP 노드에 연결된 터미널로 이동

  2. 이전 실습에서 생성했던 리소스 삭제 

    {
    kubectl delete deploy nginx-nfs
    kubectl delete pvc pvc-one
    kubectl delete pv nfs
}

  3. Namespace 생성 

    kubectl create ns small

  4. 생성한 Namespace 상세 내용 확인 

    kubectl describe ns small

  5. PV 생성 

    cat <<EOF | kubectl create -n small -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: nfs
spec:
  capacity:
    storage: 1Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain
  nfs:
    path: /data
    server: mynfs
    readOnly: false
EOF

  6. PVC 생성 

    cat <<EOF | kubectl create -n small -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: pvc-one
spec:
  accessModes:
  - ReadWriteMany
  resources:
     requests:
       storage: 200Mi
EOF

  7. ResourceQuota 생성 

    cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -n small -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: ResourceQuota
metadata:
  name: storagequota
spec:
  hard:
    persistentvolumeclaims: "10"
    requests.storage: "500Mi"
EOF

  8. 위에서 생성한 Namespace에 ResourceQuota가 반영됐는지 확인 

    kubectl describe ns small

  9. Deployment 생성 

    cat <<EOF | kubectl create -n small -f -
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  labels:
    run: nginx
  name: nginx-nfs
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      run: nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        run: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: nginx
        imagePullPolicy: Always
        name: nginx
        volumeMounts:
        - name: nfs-vol
          mountPath: /opt
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          protocol: TCP
      volumes:
      - name: nfs-vol
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: pvc-one
EOF

  10. 생성된 Pod 확인 

    kubectl get pod -l run=nginx -n small

  11. 생성된 Pod 상세 내용 확인 

    kubectl describe pod POD_NAME -n small

    OR

    kubectl describe pod $(kubectl get pod -l run=nginx -n small -o=jsonpath='{.items[0].metadata.name}') -n small

  12. ResourceQuota 확인 

    kubectl describe ns small

  13. NFS 노드에 연결된 터미널로 이동

  14. /data/ 디렉토리에 300MB 크기의 파일 생성 

    sudo dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/bigfile bs=1M count=300

  15. CP 노드에 연결된 터미널로 이동

  16. ResourceQuota에 수동으로 생성한 파일이 반영되는지 확인 

    kubectl describe ns small

  17. Deployment 삭제 

    kubectl delete deploy nginx-nfs -n small

  18. ResourceQuota 확인 

    kubectl describe ns small

  19. PVC 삭제 

    kubectl delete pvc pvc-one -n small

  20. ResourceQuota 확인 

    kubectl describe ns small

  21. PV 상태 및 ReclaimPolicy 확인 

    kubectl get pv nfs

  22. PV 삭제 

    kubectl delete pv nfs

  23. PV 재생성 - spec.persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy 값을 Delete로 지정

    cat <<EOF | kubectl create -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: nfs
spec:
  capacity:
    storage: 1Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Delete
  nfs:
    path: /data/
    server: mynfs
    readOnly: false
EOF

  24. ResourceQuota 확인 

    kubectl describe ns small

  25. PVC 생성 

    cat <<EOF | kubectl create -n small -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: pvc-one
spec:
  accessModes:
  - ReadWriteMany
  resources:
     requests:
       storage: 200Mi
EOF

  26. ResourceQuota 확인 

    kubectl describe ns small

  27. ResourceQuota 변경 - requests.storage 값을 100Mi로 지정 

    cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -n small -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: ResourceQuota
metadata:
  name: storagequota
spec:
  hard:
    persistentvolumeclaims: "10"
    requests.storage: "100Mi"
EOF

  28. ResourceQuota 확인 

    kubectl describe ns small

  29. Deployment 생성 

    cat <<EOF | kubectl create -n small -f -
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  labels:
    run: nginx
  name: nginx-nfs
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      run: nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        run: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: nginx
        imagePullPolicy: Always
        name: nginx
        volumeMounts:
        - name: nfs-vol
          mountPath: /opt
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          protocol: TCP
      volumes:
      - name: nfs-vol
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: pvc-one
EOF

  30. Pod가 생성되었는지 확인 

    kubectl get pod -l run=nginx -n small

  31. Deployment 및 PVC 삭제 

    {
    kubectl delete deploy nginx-nfs -n small
    kubectl delete pvc pvc-one -n small
}

  32. PV가 삭제되었는지 확인 

    kubectl get pv nfs

  33. PV에 발생한 Event 확인

    kubectl describe pv nfs

  34. PV 삭제 

    kubectl delete pv nfs

  35. LimitRange 생성 

    cat <<EOF | kubectl -n small apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: LimitRange
metadata:
  name: storagelimits
spec:
  limits:
  - type: PersistentVolumeClaim
    max:
      storage: 2Gi
    min:
      storage: 1Gi
EOF

  36. LimitRagne 및 ResourceQuota 확인 

    kubectl describe ns small

  37. PV 재생성 - spec.persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy 값을 Recycle로 지정 

    cat <<EOF | kubectl create -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolume
metadata:
  name: nfs
spec:
  capacity:
    storage: 1Gi
  accessModes:
    - ReadWriteMany
  persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Recycle
  nfs:
    path: /data
    server: mynfs
    readOnly: false
EOF

  38. PV의 ReclaimPolicy 확인 

    kubectl get pv nfs

  39. PVC 생성 시도 

    cat <<EOF | kubectl create -n small -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: pvc-one
spec:
  accessModes:
  - ReadWriteMany
  resources:
     requests:
       storage: 200Mi
EOF

  40. LimitRange 변경 

    cat <<EOF | kubectl -n small apply -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: LimitRange
metadata:
  name: storagelimits
spec:
  limits:
  - type: PersistentVolumeClaim
    max:
      storage: 2Gi
    min:
      storage: 100Mi
EOF

  41. PVC 생성 시도 

    cat <<EOF | kubectl create -n small -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: pvc-one
spec:
  accessModes:
  - ReadWriteMany
  resources:
     requests:
       storage: 200Mi
EOF

  42. ResourceQuota의 requests.storage 값을 500Mi로 변경 

    cat <<EOF | kubectl apply -n small -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: ResourceQuota
metadata:
  name: storagequota
spec:
  hard:
    persistentvolumeclaims: "10"
    requests.storage: "500Mi"
EOF

  43. PVC 생성 

    cat <<EOF | kubectl create -n small -f -
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
  name: pvc-one
spec:
  accessModes:
  - ReadWriteMany
  resources:
     requests:
       storage: 200Mi
EOF

  44. Deployment 생성 

    cat <<EOF | kubectl create -n small -f -
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  labels:
    run: nginx
  name: nginx-nfs
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      run: nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        run: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - image: nginx
        imagePullPolicy: Always
        name: nginx
        volumeMounts:
        - name: nfs-vol
          mountPath: /opt
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80
          protocol: TCP
      volumes:
      - name: nfs-vol
        persistentVolumeClaim:
          claimName: pvc-one
EOF

  45. Pod가 생성되었는지 확인 

    kubectl get pod -l run=nginx -n small

  46. NFS 서버에 생성한 파일이 보이는지 확인

    kubectl -n small exec deploy/nginx-nfs -- cat /opt/hello.txt

  47. Deployment 삭제 

    kubectl delete deploy nginx-nfs -n small

  48. PVC 및 PV 상태 확인 

    {
    kubectl get pvc -n small
    kubectl get pv
}

  49. PVC 삭제 

    kubectl delete pvc pvc-one -n small

  50. PV 상태 확인 

    kubectl get pv

  51. PV에 발생한 Event 확인

    kubectl describe pv nfs

  52. NFS 노드에 연결된 터미널로 이동

  53. NFS 서버에 생성했던 파일이 존재하는지 확인

    ls /data/

  54. CP 노드에 연결된 터미널로 이동

  55. PV 삭제 

    kubectl delete pv nfs

  56. Namespace 삭제 

    kubectl delete ns small

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